麻豆论理在线观看电影-麻豆秘 在线观看国产-麻豆蜜桃91-麻豆蜜桃91影院-麻豆蜜桃成熟www.-麻豆蜜桃香蕉91喷水不断

歡迎來到匠仁醫療設備有限公司網站!

更多 > 維修項目
鼻竇鏡維修
耳鏡維修
腹腔鏡維修
宮腔鏡、電切鏡、膀胱鏡維修
關節鏡維修
李遜微創腎鏡維修
支撐喉鏡維修
喉鏡維修
輸尿管腎鏡維修
椎間孔鏡維修
圖標 你所在位置: 首頁 >> 維修項目

維修項目

內窺鏡設備維修:硬管內窺鏡的維修及介紹

來源:http://www.cnxgtzyj.cn/ 發布時間:2024-07-19 瀏覽量:0

20200408042119178  硬管內窺鏡的維修及介紹

  Maintenance and Introduction of Hard Tube Endoscope

  關于硬管鏡

  Regarding the rigid tube mirror

  硬管內窺鏡,主要用于人體表淺及淺層部位自然腔道和通過穿刺開口腔道的病灶診斷和(或)治療,如膀胱鏡、宮腔鏡,在操作中不可彎曲。

  Hard tube endoscopes are mainly used for the diagnosis and/or treatment of lesions in superficial and superficial natural cavities of the human body, as well as through puncture opening cavities, such as cystoscopy and hysteroscopy. They cannot be bent during operation.

  發展歷史

  Development history

  內窺鏡是人類窺視自身體內器官的重要工具。古希臘名醫,有著醫藥之父之稱的希波克拉底(Hippocrates,約公元前460-前370)曾描述過一種直腸診視器,該診視器與我們今天所用的器械十分相似。類似的診視器還發現于龐培遺跡(Pompeii,意大利古都,公元79年火山爆發,全城淹沒),這些診視器曾被用于窺視陰道與子宮頸,檢查直腸,并用于檢視耳、鼻內。當時進行這些檢查時利用的是自然光線。內窺鏡的真正發展還是起于近代,一般可將其發展階段分為:硬管式窺鏡、半可屈式內窺鏡、纖維內窺鏡、超聲與電子內窺鏡等階段。硬管式內窺鏡的發展經歷了兩個階段:即開放式硬管內窺鏡階段與含有光學系統的硬管內窺鏡階段。

  Endoscope is an important tool for humans to observe their internal organs. Hippocrates, the renowned physician of ancient Greece and known as the father of medicine, described a rectal sight that was very similar to the instruments we use today. Similar examination devices have also been found in the Pompeii ruins (the ancient capital of Italy, where a volcano erupted in 79 AD and the entire city was submerged). These examination devices were once used to observe the vagina and cervix, examine the rectum, and examine the ears and nose. At that time, natural light was used for these inspections. The true development of endoscopes dates back to modern times and can generally be divided into stages such as rigid tube endoscopes, semi flexible endoscopes, fiber endoscopes, ultrasound and electronic endoscopes. The development of rigid tube endoscopes has gone through two stages: the open rigid tube endoscope stage and the rigid tube endoscope stage containing an optical system.

  基本結構與工作原理

  Basic structure and working principle

  硬管內窺鏡主要由光學成像系統和照明系統組成:光學部分外觀看是一個細長的金屬管子,而里面裝著一個由許多透鏡組成的完整的光學系統。光學成像系統由物鏡系統、轉像系統、目鏡系統三大系統組成。被觀察物經物鏡所成的倒像,通過轉像系統將倒像轉為正像,并傳輸到目鏡,再由目鏡放大后,為人眼所觀察。如圖1所示。為構成不同的視向角,需加入不同的棱鏡。不同用途的內窺鏡根據使用要求制作成不同的外形、外徑、長度,以達到使用所需的要求。照明傳輸系統由光導纖維組成,將冷光源的光經過光導纖維傳輸到內窺鏡前端,照亮被觀察物。

  A rigid tube endoscope is mainly composed of an optical imaging system and an illumination system: the optical part is a slender metal tube for external viewing, while inside it is a complete optical system composed of many lenses. The optical imaging system consists of three major systems: the objective lens system, the conversion system, and the eyepiece system. The inverted image of the observed object formed by the objective lens is converted into a positive image through a conversion system and transmitted to the eyepiece. After being magnified by the eyepiece, it is observed by the human eye. As shown in Figure 1. To form different viewing angles, different prisms need to be added. Endoscopes for different purposes are made into different shapes, outer diameters, and lengths according to usage requirements to meet the required requirements. The lighting transmission system is composed of optical fibers, which transmit the light from the cold light source to the front end of the endoscope through the optical fibers, illuminating the observed object.

  硬式內鏡分類及應用

  Classification and application of rigid endoscopes

  01

  01

  膀胱電切鏡

  Bladder electrocautery

  膀胱電切鏡多用于對膀胱內部的疾病組織進行無創手術,具有風險低、成功率高、手術簡單、愈合快、治愈率高等優點。膀胱電切鏡適用于間質性膀胱炎、濾泡性膀胱炎、腺性膀胱炎、氣性膀胱炎、壞疽性膀胱炎等各種膀胱炎癥的治療。

  Bladder electrocautery is commonly used for non-invasive surgery of diseased tissues inside the bladder, with advantages such as low risk, high success rate, simple surgery, fast healing, and high cure rate. Cystoscopy is suitable for the treatment of various bladder inflammations such as interstitial cystitis, follicular cystitis, glandular cystitis, gas cystitis, gangrenous cystitis, etc.

  02

  02

  膀胱鏡

  Cystoscopy

  膀胱鏡是內窺鏡的一種,外形與尿道探子相似,電鏡鞘、檢查窺鏡、處置和輸尿管插管窺鏡以及鏡芯四部分構成一套,并附有電灼器、剪卡器和活組織檢查鉗等附件。

  Cystoscopy is a type of endoscope that resembles a urethral probe in appearance. It consists of four parts: an electron microscope sheath, an inspection scope, a treatment and ureteral catheterization scope, and a core. It is equipped with accessories such as electrocautery, clip clippers, and biopsy forceps.

  03

  03

  腹腔鏡

  laparoscope

  與電子胃鏡類似,是一種帶有微型攝像頭的器械。腹腔鏡手術與傳統手術相比,具有切口小、痛苦小、恢復快等優點,深受患者的歡迎,尤其是術后瘢痕小、又符合美學要求,青年病人更樂意接受,微創手術是外科發展的總趨勢和追求目標。目前,腹腔鏡手術的金標準是膽囊切除術,一般地說,大部分普通外科的手術,腹腔鏡手術都能完成。如闌尾切除術,胃、十二指腸潰瘍穿孔修補術、疝氣修補術、結腸切除術、脾切除術、腎上腺切除術,還有卵巢囊腫摘除、宮外孕、子宮切除等,隨著腹腔鏡技術的日益完善和腹腔鏡醫生操作水平的提高,幾乎所有的外科手術都能采用這種手術。

  Similar to electronic gastroscopy, it is a device with a miniature camera. Compared with traditional surgery, laparoscopic surgery has the advantages of smaller incisions, less pain, and faster recovery, which is highly welcomed by patients. Especially with small postoperative scars and aesthetic requirements, young patients are more willing to accept minimally invasive surgery, which is the overall trend and pursuit goal of surgical development. At present, the gold standard for laparoscopic surgery is cholecystectomy. Generally speaking, most general surgical procedures can be performed using laparoscopic surgery. Such as appendectomy, repair of gastric and duodenal ulcer perforation, hernia repair, colectomy, splenectomy, adrenalectomy, as well as removal of ovarian cysts, ectopic pregnancy, hysterectomy, etc., with the increasing improvement of laparoscopic technology and the improvement of laparoscopic doctors' operating level, almost all surgical procedures can adopt this type of surgery.

  04

  04

  宮腔鏡

  Hysteroscopy

  宮腔鏡是一項新的、微創性婦科診療技術,可用于診斷、治療和隨訪子宮腔內病變,其實質上是一種纖維光源內窺鏡,包括宮腔鏡、能源系統、光源系統、灌流系統和成像系統。

  Hysteroscopy is a new, minimally invasive gynecological diagnostic and therapeutic technique that can be used for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of intrauterine lesions. Essentially, it is a fiber optic endoscope that includes hysteroscopy, energy system, light source system, perfusion system, and imaging system.

  05

  05

  關節鏡

  arthroscope

  關節鏡是一種觀察關節內部結構的直徑5mm左右的棒狀光學器械,是用于診治關節疾患的內窺鏡。除了對多種運動損傷具有治療作用之外,關節鏡技術在關節炎外科治療中也可大顯身手,發揮重要的作用。關節鏡技術可運用于骨性關節炎、炎癥性關節、色素沉著絨毛結節性滑膜炎、晶體性關節病,感染性關節炎和創傷性關節炎等多種關節炎的診斷和治療。

  Arthroscopy is a rod-shaped optical instrument with a diameter of about 5mm used to observe the internal structure of joints, and is an endoscope used for the diagnosis and treatment of joint diseases. In addition to its therapeutic effect on various sports injuries, arthroscopic technology can also play an important role in the surgical treatment of arthritis. Arthroscopy technology can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of various types of arthritis, including osteoarthritis, inflammatory joints, pigmented villonodular synovitis, crystalline arthritis, infectious arthritis, and traumatic arthritis.

  06

  06

  經皮腎鏡

  Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

  經皮腎鏡技術(PCNL)是腔內泌尿外科手術的一個重要部分。

  Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is an important part of endourological surgery.

  07

  07

  前列腺汽化電切鏡

  Prostate vaporization electric resection mirror

  前列腺汽化電切治療前列腺增生癥被全世界定位前列腺增生治療的金標準。另外,汽化電切鏡還用與尿道腫瘤、膀胱腫瘤的電切以及前列腺癌的姑息性切除治療等。

  The treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with vaporization and resection of the prostate has been recognized as the gold standard for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia worldwide. In addition, vaporization electrocautery is also used for electrocautery of urethral tumors, bladder tumors, and palliative resection of prostate cancer.

  08

  08

  輸尿管鏡

  Ureteroscope

  近十幾年來是我國泌尿外科迅猛發展的時期,輸尿管鏡手術是泌尿外科領域發展最快,它是高科技在泌尿外科領域的應用,屬微創診斷、治療的手段,深受廣大病人的歡迎,它具有創傷小、安全,使不少過去要用開放手術的病人免除手術的創傷和痛苦。

  In the past decade, China's urology department has experienced rapid development, with ureteroscopy being the fastest growing field. It is a high-tech application in urology, a minimally invasive diagnostic and treatment method, and is highly welcomed by patients. It has the advantages of minimal trauma and safety, allowing many patients who used to undergo open surgery to avoid the trauma and pain of surgery.

  維護保養與注意事項

  Maintenance and Precautions

  隨著使用硬管內窺鏡的范圍擴大,各科醫生使用硬管內窺鏡頻率越來越高。硬管內窺鏡是比較嬌貴的醫療器械,但是只要能夠正確的使用和維護,就可以避免損壞。

  With the expansion of the scope of using rigid endoscopes, doctors from various departments are using them more frequently. Hard tube endoscope is a relatively delicate medical device, but as long as it can be used and maintained correctly, damage can be avoided.

  維護保養

  Maintenance and upkeep

  1

  one

  硬管內窺鏡使用完后應沖洗干凈,把水漬涼干,鏡頭前端有污漬時應用鏡頭紙、棉簽或細紗布輕輕擦拭。

  After using the hard tube endoscope, it should be rinsed clean and the water stains should be dried. If there are stains on the front end of the lens, lens paper, cotton swabs, or fine gauze should be gently wiped.

  2

  two

  硬管內窺鏡應有專人專柜保管,放在專用的包裝箱內,內襯柔軟的海綿或聚氨酯泡沫。

  The rigid tube endoscope shall be kept in a special cabinet by a specially assigned person, placed in a special packing box, and lined with soft sponge or polyurethane foam.

  3

  three

  所有硬管內窺鏡和手術器械都要碼放整齊,不得交叉重疊放置,確保箱蓋蓋好后,內部的窺鏡和器械不會在搬運時相互撞擊。

  All rigid endoscopes and surgical instruments must be neatly stacked, without overlapping or crossing, to ensure that after the box cover is closed, the internal endoscopes and instruments will not collide with each other during transportation.

  4

  four

  取出或放入硬管內窺鏡時,應雙手平托,輕拿輕放。由于內窺鏡的鏡管很薄,受到擠壓、磕碰、折彎、落地等情況就會彎曲變形,導致鏡片破損或光軸偏移而造成圖像不清楚或不能使用,所以從包裝箱中取出或放入硬管內窺鏡時,應雙手平托輕輕地取出或放入,切忌提起一段拽出。

  When removing or placing a rigid tube endoscope, it should be held flat with both hands and handled gently. Due to the thin tube of the endoscope, it may bend and deform when subjected to compression, collision, bending, landing, etc., resulting in lens damage or optical axis deviation, causing unclear or unusable images. Therefore, when taking out or placing a hard tube endoscope from the packaging box, it should be gently taken out or placed with both hands flat, and avoid lifting and pulling it out.

  5

  five

  硬管內窺鏡放在托盤等硬質容器內移動時,注意與其他器械分開放置,不要過分顛簸,以免碰撞到窺鏡。

  When moving the rigid endoscope in a tray or other hard container, be careful to separate it from other instruments and avoid excessive shaking to avoid colliding with the endoscope.

  6

  six

  包裝箱內應備有干燥劑保持箱內干燥。

  There should be a desiccant inside the packaging box to keep it dry.

  7

  seven

  有些硬管內窺鏡不耐高溫高壓,這主要是因為其鏡端封裝用的環氧樹脂膠在高溫高壓下會開膠而造成鏡管內進水,光學系統進水后就會產生視野模糊,所以這類內窺鏡不能用煮沸和高壓蒸汽等高溫高壓的方法消毒。

  Some hard tube endoscopes are not resistant to high temperature and high pressure, mainly because the epoxy resin adhesive used for the sealing of the endoscope end will open under high temperature and high pressure, causing water to enter the endoscope tube. After the optical system enters the water, the field of view will be blurred. Therefore, these endoscopes cannot be disinfected by high-temperature and high-pressure methods such as boiling and high-pressure steam.

  注意事項

  matters needing attention

  1

  one

  在使用其他器械時,尤其是咬合力較大的鉗、剪類器械應注意鏡管的前端不要伸進器械的咬合區內,以免誤傷鏡管。

  When using other instruments, especially pliers and scissors with high biting force, attention should be paid to not inserting the front end of the mirror tube into the bite area of the instrument to avoid accidental injury to the mirror tube.

  2

  two

  有些手術窺鏡是在鞘管內使用,在更換其他角度窺鏡或插拔器械時,應注意動作要輕,不可用力過猛。尤其是插拔窺鏡過程中,當遇到阻力拔不動時應仔細查找原因,必要時應連同鞘管一起拔取,不要用蠻力。

  Some surgical endoscopes are used inside the sheath. When replacing other angle endoscopes or inserting or removing instruments, attention should be paid to moving gently and not applying too much force. Especially during the process of inserting and removing the endoscope, if there is resistance and it cannot be pulled out, the reason should be carefully investigated. If necessary, the sheath should be pulled out together, and brute force should not be used.

  3

  three

  當窺鏡配合激光汽化、高頻電切、微波等光電技術進行手術時,應注意窺鏡前端與治療點的距離,保證窺鏡前端不被電擊或燒灼。

  When the endoscope is used in conjunction with laser vaporization, high-frequency electric cutting, microwave and other optoelectronic technologies for surgery, attention should be paid to the distance between the front end of the endoscope and the treatment point to ensure that the front end of the endoscope is not electrocuted or burned.

  4

  four

  當配合刨削器來切除病變組織時,如耳鼻喉科、骨科的臨床手術中已經廣泛使用,需要控制刀頭的旋轉部分始終在窺鏡的觀察范圍內,在手術范圍較大時,應先停止刀頭轉動,再移動窺鏡,然后在窺鏡監視下移動刀頭,到合適部位后再開機刨削。

  When using a scraper to remove diseased tissue, such as in clinical surgeries in otolaryngology and orthopedics, it is necessary to control the rotation of the blade head to always be within the observation range of the endoscope. When the surgical range is large, the rotation of the blade head should be stopped first, and then the endoscope should be moved. Under the supervision of the endoscope, the blade head should be moved to the appropriate location before turning on the scraper.

  5

  five

  當內窺鏡出現圖像模糊、視線不清等狀況時,要及時與廠家或維修機構聯系,切不可繼續盲目使用而造成手術事故。

  When the endoscope shows blurry images or unclear vision, it is necessary to promptly contact the manufacturer or maintenance organization, and not continue to blindly use it, which may cause surgical accidents.

  常見故障與維修方案

  Common faults and maintenance solutions

  常見故障

  Common faults

  1.圖像情況:模糊進水,黑影,灰塵

  1. Image condition: Blurred water, black shadows, dust

  2.光束:發黃斷絲,灼燒崩缺,亮度不夠

  2. Beam: Yellowing and broken wires, burning and chipping, insufficient brightness

  3.鏡管:彎曲,斷裂,凹陷,脫落

  3. Mirror tube: bent, broken, dented, detached

  4.器械通道:磨損崩缺,變形

  4. Instrument channel: wear, breakage, deformation

  5.物鏡:脫膠,磨損,脫落

  5. Objective lens: Degummed, worn, and detached

  6.光錐:灼燒發黑,發黃,脫落缺失

  6. Light cone: blackened, yellowed, and missing due to burning

  7.鏡橋組件:脫落,卡口斷

  7. Mirror bridge component: detached, clip broken

  8.目鏡保護片:破裂,崩缺,脫落缺失

  8. Eyepiece protective film: rupture, breakage, detachment or missing

  9.目鏡罩:破裂,崩缺

  9. Eyepiece cover: ruptured, broken

  維修方案

  Repair plan

  1.更換內部光學部件

  1. Replace internal optical components

  2.更換光束

  2. Replace the beam

  3.更換鏡管

  3. Replace the mirror tube

  4.更換器械通道

  4. Replace the instrument channel

  5.更換物鏡

  5. Replace the objective lens

  6.更換光錐

  6. Replace the light cone

  7.更換鏡橋組件

  7. Replace the mirror bridge component

  8.更換目鏡保護片

  8. Replace the eyepiece protective film

  9.更換目鏡罩

  9. Replace the eyepiece cover

  本文由 內窺鏡維修 友情奉獻.更多有關的知識請點擊  http://www.cnxgtzyj.cn   真誠的態度.為您提供為全面的服務.更多有關的知識我們將會陸續向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

  This article is a friendly contribution from endoscope repair. For more related knowledge, please click http://www.cnxgtzyj.cn Sincere attitude. We provide you with comprehensive services. We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone. Please stay tuned

20200408042119178  硬管內窺鏡的維修及介紹

  Maintenance and Introduction of Hard Tube Endoscope

  關于硬管鏡

  Regarding the rigid tube mirror

  硬管內窺鏡,主要用于人體表淺及淺層部位自然腔道和通過穿刺開口腔道的病灶診斷和(或)治療,如膀胱鏡、宮腔鏡,在操作中不可彎曲。

  Hard tube endoscopes are mainly used for the diagnosis and/or treatment of lesions in superficial and superficial natural cavities of the human body, as well as through puncture opening cavities, such as cystoscopy and hysteroscopy. They cannot be bent during operation.

  發展歷史

  Development history

  內窺鏡是人類窺視自身體內器官的重要工具。古希臘名醫,有著醫藥之父之稱的希波克拉底(Hippocrates,約公元前460-前370)曾描述過一種直腸診視器,該診視器與我們今天所用的器械十分相似。類似的診視器還發現于龐培遺跡(Pompeii,意大利古都,公元79年火山爆發,全城淹沒),這些診視器曾被用于窺視陰道與子宮頸,檢查直腸,并用于檢視耳、鼻內。當時進行這些檢查時利用的是自然光線。內窺鏡的真正發展還是起于近代,一般可將其發展階段分為:硬管式窺鏡、半可屈式內窺鏡、纖維內窺鏡、超聲與電子內窺鏡等階段。硬管式內窺鏡的發展經歷了兩個階段:即開放式硬管內窺鏡階段與含有光學系統的硬管內窺鏡階段。

  Endoscope is an important tool for humans to observe their internal organs. Hippocrates, the renowned physician of ancient Greece and known as the father of medicine, described a rectal sight that was very similar to the instruments we use today. Similar examination devices have also been found in the Pompeii ruins (the ancient capital of Italy, where a volcano erupted in 79 AD and the entire city was submerged). These examination devices were once used to observe the vagina and cervix, examine the rectum, and examine the ears and nose. At that time, natural light was used for these inspections. The true development of endoscopes dates back to modern times and can generally be divided into stages such as rigid tube endoscopes, semi flexible endoscopes, fiber endoscopes, ultrasound and electronic endoscopes. The development of rigid tube endoscopes has gone through two stages: the open rigid tube endoscope stage and the rigid tube endoscope stage containing an optical system.

  基本結構與工作原理

  Basic structure and working principle

  硬管內窺鏡主要由光學成像系統和照明系統組成:光學部分外觀看是一個細長的金屬管子,而里面裝著一個由許多透鏡組成的完整的光學系統。光學成像系統由物鏡系統、轉像系統、目鏡系統三大系統組成。被觀察物經物鏡所成的倒像,通過轉像系統將倒像轉為正像,并傳輸到目鏡,再由目鏡放大后,為人眼所觀察。如圖1所示。為構成不同的視向角,需加入不同的棱鏡。不同用途的內窺鏡根據使用要求制作成不同的外形、外徑、長度,以達到使用所需的要求。照明傳輸系統由光導纖維組成,將冷光源的光經過光導纖維傳輸到內窺鏡前端,照亮被觀察物。

  A rigid tube endoscope is mainly composed of an optical imaging system and an illumination system: the optical part is a slender metal tube for external viewing, while inside it is a complete optical system composed of many lenses. The optical imaging system consists of three major systems: the objective lens system, the conversion system, and the eyepiece system. The inverted image of the observed object formed by the objective lens is converted into a positive image through a conversion system and transmitted to the eyepiece. After being magnified by the eyepiece, it is observed by the human eye. As shown in Figure 1. To form different viewing angles, different prisms need to be added. Endoscopes for different purposes are made into different shapes, outer diameters, and lengths according to usage requirements to meet the required requirements. The lighting transmission system is composed of optical fibers, which transmit the light from the cold light source to the front end of the endoscope through the optical fibers, illuminating the observed object.

  硬式內鏡分類及應用

  Classification and application of rigid endoscopes

  01

  01

  膀胱電切鏡

  Bladder electrocautery

  膀胱電切鏡多用于對膀胱內部的疾病組織進行無創手術,具有風險低、成功率高、手術簡單、愈合快、治愈率高等優點。膀胱電切鏡適用于間質性膀胱炎、濾泡性膀胱炎、腺性膀胱炎、氣性膀胱炎、壞疽性膀胱炎等各種膀胱炎癥的治療。

  Bladder electrocautery is commonly used for non-invasive surgery of diseased tissues inside the bladder, with advantages such as low risk, high success rate, simple surgery, fast healing, and high cure rate. Cystoscopy is suitable for the treatment of various bladder inflammations such as interstitial cystitis, follicular cystitis, glandular cystitis, gas cystitis, gangrenous cystitis, etc.

  02

  02

  膀胱鏡

  Cystoscopy

  膀胱鏡是內窺鏡的一種,外形與尿道探子相似,電鏡鞘、檢查窺鏡、處置和輸尿管插管窺鏡以及鏡芯四部分構成一套,并附有電灼器、剪卡器和活組織檢查鉗等附件。

  Cystoscopy is a type of endoscope that resembles a urethral probe in appearance. It consists of four parts: an electron microscope sheath, an inspection scope, a treatment and ureteral catheterization scope, and a core. It is equipped with accessories such as electrocautery, clip clippers, and biopsy forceps.

  03

  03

  腹腔鏡

  laparoscope

  與電子胃鏡類似,是一種帶有微型攝像頭的器械。腹腔鏡手術與傳統手術相比,具有切口小、痛苦小、恢復快等優點,深受患者的歡迎,尤其是術后瘢痕小、又符合美學要求,青年病人更樂意接受,微創手術是外科發展的總趨勢和追求目標。目前,腹腔鏡手術的金標準是膽囊切除術,一般地說,大部分普通外科的手術,腹腔鏡手術都能完成。如闌尾切除術,胃、十二指腸潰瘍穿孔修補術、疝氣修補術、結腸切除術、脾切除術、腎上腺切除術,還有卵巢囊腫摘除、宮外孕、子宮切除等,隨著腹腔鏡技術的日益完善和腹腔鏡醫生操作水平的提高,幾乎所有的外科手術都能采用這種手術。

  Similar to electronic gastroscopy, it is a device with a miniature camera. Compared with traditional surgery, laparoscopic surgery has the advantages of smaller incisions, less pain, and faster recovery, which is highly welcomed by patients. Especially with small postoperative scars and aesthetic requirements, young patients are more willing to accept minimally invasive surgery, which is the overall trend and pursuit goal of surgical development. At present, the gold standard for laparoscopic surgery is cholecystectomy. Generally speaking, most general surgical procedures can be performed using laparoscopic surgery. Such as appendectomy, repair of gastric and duodenal ulcer perforation, hernia repair, colectomy, splenectomy, adrenalectomy, as well as removal of ovarian cysts, ectopic pregnancy, hysterectomy, etc., with the increasing improvement of laparoscopic technology and the improvement of laparoscopic doctors' operating level, almost all surgical procedures can adopt this type of surgery.

  04

  04

  宮腔鏡

  Hysteroscopy

  宮腔鏡是一項新的、微創性婦科診療技術,可用于診斷、治療和隨訪子宮腔內病變,其實質上是一種纖維光源內窺鏡,包括宮腔鏡、能源系統、光源系統、灌流系統和成像系統。

  Hysteroscopy is a new, minimally invasive gynecological diagnostic and therapeutic technique that can be used for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of intrauterine lesions. Essentially, it is a fiber optic endoscope that includes hysteroscopy, energy system, light source system, perfusion system, and imaging system.

  05

  05

  關節鏡

  arthroscope

  關節鏡是一種觀察關節內部結構的直徑5mm左右的棒狀光學器械,是用于診治關節疾患的內窺鏡。除了對多種運動損傷具有治療作用之外,關節鏡技術在關節炎外科治療中也可大顯身手,發揮重要的作用。關節鏡技術可運用于骨性關節炎、炎癥性關節、色素沉著絨毛結節性滑膜炎、晶體性關節病,感染性關節炎和創傷性關節炎等多種關節炎的診斷和治療。

  Arthroscopy is a rod-shaped optical instrument with a diameter of about 5mm used to observe the internal structure of joints, and is an endoscope used for the diagnosis and treatment of joint diseases. In addition to its therapeutic effect on various sports injuries, arthroscopic technology can also play an important role in the surgical treatment of arthritis. Arthroscopy technology can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of various types of arthritis, including osteoarthritis, inflammatory joints, pigmented villonodular synovitis, crystalline arthritis, infectious arthritis, and traumatic arthritis.

  06

  06

  經皮腎鏡

  Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

  經皮腎鏡技術(PCNL)是腔內泌尿外科手術的一個重要部分。

  Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is an important part of endourological surgery.

  07

  07

  前列腺汽化電切鏡

  Prostate vaporization electric resection mirror

  前列腺汽化電切治療前列腺增生癥被全世界定位前列腺增生治療的金標準。另外,汽化電切鏡還用與尿道腫瘤、膀胱腫瘤的電切以及前列腺癌的姑息性切除治療等。

  The treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with vaporization and resection of the prostate has been recognized as the gold standard for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia worldwide. In addition, vaporization electrocautery is also used for electrocautery of urethral tumors, bladder tumors, and palliative resection of prostate cancer.

  08

  08

  輸尿管鏡

  Ureteroscope

  近十幾年來是我國泌尿外科迅猛發展的時期,輸尿管鏡手術是泌尿外科領域發展最快,它是高科技在泌尿外科領域的應用,屬微創診斷、治療的手段,深受廣大病人的歡迎,它具有創傷小、安全,使不少過去要用開放手術的病人免除手術的創傷和痛苦。

  In the past decade, China's urology department has experienced rapid development, with ureteroscopy being the fastest growing field. It is a high-tech application in urology, a minimally invasive diagnostic and treatment method, and is highly welcomed by patients. It has the advantages of minimal trauma and safety, allowing many patients who used to undergo open surgery to avoid the trauma and pain of surgery.

  維護保養與注意事項

  Maintenance and Precautions

  隨著使用硬管內窺鏡的范圍擴大,各科醫生使用硬管內窺鏡頻率越來越高。硬管內窺鏡是比較嬌貴的醫療器械,但是只要能夠正確的使用和維護,就可以避免損壞。

  With the expansion of the scope of using rigid endoscopes, doctors from various departments are using them more frequently. Hard tube endoscope is a relatively delicate medical device, but as long as it can be used and maintained correctly, damage can be avoided.

  維護保養

  Maintenance and upkeep

  1

  one

  硬管內窺鏡使用完后應沖洗干凈,把水漬涼干,鏡頭前端有污漬時應用鏡頭紙、棉簽或細紗布輕輕擦拭。

  After using the hard tube endoscope, it should be rinsed clean and the water stains should be dried. If there are stains on the front end of the lens, lens paper, cotton swabs, or fine gauze should be gently wiped.

  2

  two

  硬管內窺鏡應有專人專柜保管,放在專用的包裝箱內,內襯柔軟的海綿或聚氨酯泡沫。

  The rigid tube endoscope shall be kept in a special cabinet by a specially assigned person, placed in a special packing box, and lined with soft sponge or polyurethane foam.

  3

  three

  所有硬管內窺鏡和手術器械都要碼放整齊,不得交叉重疊放置,確保箱蓋蓋好后,內部的窺鏡和器械不會在搬運時相互撞擊。

  All rigid endoscopes and surgical instruments must be neatly stacked, without overlapping or crossing, to ensure that after the box cover is closed, the internal endoscopes and instruments will not collide with each other during transportation.

  4

  four

  取出或放入硬管內窺鏡時,應雙手平托,輕拿輕放。由于內窺鏡的鏡管很薄,受到擠壓、磕碰、折彎、落地等情況就會彎曲變形,導致鏡片破損或光軸偏移而造成圖像不清楚或不能使用,所以從包裝箱中取出或放入硬管內窺鏡時,應雙手平托輕輕地取出或放入,切忌提起一段拽出。

  When removing or placing a rigid tube endoscope, it should be held flat with both hands and handled gently. Due to the thin tube of the endoscope, it may bend and deform when subjected to compression, collision, bending, landing, etc., resulting in lens damage or optical axis deviation, causing unclear or unusable images. Therefore, when taking out or placing a hard tube endoscope from the packaging box, it should be gently taken out or placed with both hands flat, and avoid lifting and pulling it out.

  5

  five

  硬管內窺鏡放在托盤等硬質容器內移動時,注意與其他器械分開放置,不要過分顛簸,以免碰撞到窺鏡。

  When moving the rigid endoscope in a tray or other hard container, be careful to separate it from other instruments and avoid excessive shaking to avoid colliding with the endoscope.

  6

  six

  包裝箱內應備有干燥劑保持箱內干燥。

  There should be a desiccant inside the packaging box to keep it dry.

  7

  seven

  有些硬管內窺鏡不耐高溫高壓,這主要是因為其鏡端封裝用的環氧樹脂膠在高溫高壓下會開膠而造成鏡管內進水,光學系統進水后就會產生視野模糊,所以這類內窺鏡不能用煮沸和高壓蒸汽等高溫高壓的方法消毒。

  Some hard tube endoscopes are not resistant to high temperature and high pressure, mainly because the epoxy resin adhesive used for the sealing of the endoscope end will open under high temperature and high pressure, causing water to enter the endoscope tube. After the optical system enters the water, the field of view will be blurred. Therefore, these endoscopes cannot be disinfected by high-temperature and high-pressure methods such as boiling and high-pressure steam.

  注意事項

  matters needing attention

  1

  one

  在使用其他器械時,尤其是咬合力較大的鉗、剪類器械應注意鏡管的前端不要伸進器械的咬合區內,以免誤傷鏡管。

  When using other instruments, especially pliers and scissors with high biting force, attention should be paid to not inserting the front end of the mirror tube into the bite area of the instrument to avoid accidental injury to the mirror tube.

  2

  two

  有些手術窺鏡是在鞘管內使用,在更換其他角度窺鏡或插拔器械時,應注意動作要輕,不可用力過猛。尤其是插拔窺鏡過程中,當遇到阻力拔不動時應仔細查找原因,必要時應連同鞘管一起拔取,不要用蠻力。

  Some surgical endoscopes are used inside the sheath. When replacing other angle endoscopes or inserting or removing instruments, attention should be paid to moving gently and not applying too much force. Especially during the process of inserting and removing the endoscope, if there is resistance and it cannot be pulled out, the reason should be carefully investigated. If necessary, the sheath should be pulled out together, and brute force should not be used.

  3

  three

  當窺鏡配合激光汽化、高頻電切、微波等光電技術進行手術時,應注意窺鏡前端與治療點的距離,保證窺鏡前端不被電擊或燒灼。

  When the endoscope is used in conjunction with laser vaporization, high-frequency electric cutting, microwave and other optoelectronic technologies for surgery, attention should be paid to the distance between the front end of the endoscope and the treatment point to ensure that the front end of the endoscope is not electrocuted or burned.

  4

  four

  當配合刨削器來切除病變組織時,如耳鼻喉科、骨科的臨床手術中已經廣泛使用,需要控制刀頭的旋轉部分始終在窺鏡的觀察范圍內,在手術范圍較大時,應先停止刀頭轉動,再移動窺鏡,然后在窺鏡監視下移動刀頭,到合適部位后再開機刨削。

  When using a scraper to remove diseased tissue, such as in clinical surgeries in otolaryngology and orthopedics, it is necessary to control the rotation of the blade head to always be within the observation range of the endoscope. When the surgical range is large, the rotation of the blade head should be stopped first, and then the endoscope should be moved. Under the supervision of the endoscope, the blade head should be moved to the appropriate location before turning on the scraper.

  5

  five

  當內窺鏡出現圖像模糊、視線不清等狀況時,要及時與廠家或維修機構聯系,切不可繼續盲目使用而造成手術事故。

  When the endoscope shows blurry images or unclear vision, it is necessary to promptly contact the manufacturer or maintenance organization, and not continue to blindly use it, which may cause surgical accidents.

  常見故障與維修方案

  Common faults and maintenance solutions

  常見故障

  Common faults

  1.圖像情況:模糊進水,黑影,灰塵

  1. Image condition: Blurred water, black shadows, dust

  2.光束:發黃斷絲,灼燒崩缺,亮度不夠

  2. Beam: Yellowing and broken wires, burning and chipping, insufficient brightness

  3.鏡管:彎曲,斷裂,凹陷,脫落

  3. Mirror tube: bent, broken, dented, detached

  4.器械通道:磨損崩缺,變形

  4. Instrument channel: wear, breakage, deformation

  5.物鏡:脫膠,磨損,脫落

  5. Objective lens: Degummed, worn, and detached

  6.光錐:灼燒發黑,發黃,脫落缺失

  6. Light cone: blackened, yellowed, and missing due to burning

  7.鏡橋組件:脫落,卡口斷

  7. Mirror bridge component: detached, clip broken

  8.目鏡保護片:破裂,崩缺,脫落缺失

  8. Eyepiece protective film: rupture, breakage, detachment or missing

  9.目鏡罩:破裂,崩缺

  9. Eyepiece cover: ruptured, broken

  維修方案

  Repair plan

  1.更換內部光學部件

  1. Replace internal optical components

  2.更換光束

  2. Replace the beam

  3.更換鏡管

  3. Replace the mirror tube

  4.更換器械通道

  4. Replace the instrument channel

  5.更換物鏡

  5. Replace the objective lens

  6.更換光錐

  6. Replace the light cone

  7.更換鏡橋組件

  7. Replace the mirror bridge component

  8.更換目鏡保護片

  8. Replace the eyepiece protective film

  9.更換目鏡罩

  9. Replace the eyepiece cover

  本文由 內窺鏡維修 友情奉獻.更多有關的知識請點擊  http://www.cnxgtzyj.cn   真誠的態度.為您提供為全面的服務.更多有關的知識我們將會陸續向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

  This article is a friendly contribution from endoscope repair. For more related knowledge, please click http://www.cnxgtzyj.cn Sincere attitude. We provide you with comprehensive services. We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone. Please stay tuned

維修項目
聯系我們
  • 公司公司:匠仁醫療設備有限公司
  • 匠仁醫療山東濟南維修部
  • 聯系人:樊經理
  • 電話:13153199508
  • 地址:山東省濟南市槐蔭區美里東路3000號德邁國際信息產業園6號樓101-2室
  • 匠仁醫療湖南長沙維修部
  • 聯系人:李經理
  • 電話:13873135765
  • 地址:湖南省長沙市雨花區勞動東路820號恒大綠洲14棟2409室
新聞資訊

樊經理:13153199508     李經理:13873135765

公司地址:山東省濟南市槐蔭區美里東路3000號德邁國際信息產業園6號樓101-2室  湖南省長沙市雨花區勞動東路820號恒大綠洲14棟2409室

     

備案號:魯ICP備2023027194號-1    魯公網安備 37010402441281號

91洮色 | 亚州视频一区二区 | 区二区三区在线观看 | 宝贝再浪点把腿分大点视频 | 亚洲专区+欧美专区+自拍 | 亚洲日本va中文字 | 99国产精品永久免费视频 | 日本精品乱伦一区二区三区 | 91精品国自产在线偷拍蜜桃 | 国产精品一二级 | 91精产国品一二三产品有什么区别 | 亚州三及片 | 午夜在线不卡精品国产 | 日韩影片一区二区免费视频 | 成人伦理在线观看国产 | 亚洲专区欧美日韩 | 国产精品国内自产 | 欧美a级情欲片在线观看免费 | 国产强奷在线播放免费不卡 | 国产 亚洲 网红 主播 | 中文字幕国产视频欧美 | 国产午夜男女爽爽爽爽爽视频 | 日韩精品中文在线 | 99视频在线国产 | 一区二区三区水牛 | 欧美特黄特黄免费三级视频 | 成人精品午夜 | 日韩高清字幕网在线观看 | 黑人粗受不了 | 日韩成人免费 | 91国内精品在线观看 | 亚洲视频国产精品 | 日本成熟少 | 有码一区二区三区 | 天堂中文字幕资源 | 粉色极品在线观看视频 | 国产乱色精品成人免费视频 | 精品国产免费第一区二区 | 成人一区二区免费视频 | 国产精品揄拍一区二区 | 91精产国品、ccm | 亚洲 欧美 国产 精品 | 2025午夜国产精品福利 | 污污污的网站在线观看 | 99热亚洲色精品国产88 | 欧美激情网 | 三级在线观看中文字幕完整版 | 欧美精品一区二区 | 欧洲无限观看一区在线观看 | 777影院理伦片片欧美 | 亚洲福利一区 | 最新日韩动漫大全免费在线观看 | 91夫妻论坛 | 国产精品偷窥熟女精品图片 | 米奇奇米一区二区三区四区 | 91啦中文 | 日韩精品一二三区 | 1区2区| 成人涩 | 日本迷奷系列在线播放97 | 国产一区二区不卡 | 亚洲日韩一区二区三区四区高 | 成人午夜 | 精品国产福利在线观看91啪 | 亭亭五月天色综合 | 亚洲欧美日韩v在线播放 | 午夜老司机一区二区三区精品 | 国产精品Ⅴideossex | 亚洲 成人 在线 | 国产成a人片在线观看视频下载 | 国产人妖在线 | 国产裸女网站 | 极品尤物一区二区三区全文免费 | 国产精品一二级 | 福利91| 国产床戏一区二区 | 91网站永久免费看 | 精品国产鲁一区二区更新时间 | 99热国产这里只有精品 | 国产人妖性爱专区 | 特级aaaaaaaa| 日韩美女性爱视频一区二区 | 国产日韩精品综合 | 国产精品一区2区 | 99午夜福利精品视频 | 国产精品一国产精品 | 狼人综干网 | 99精品全国免费观看视频 | 91尤物在线精品无 | 国产男女猛烈视频在线观看 | 国产理论片高清在线播放 | 亚洲精品在线91 | 亚洲高清一区二区三区不卡 | 一区二区免费视屏 | 日韩激情一区 | 亚洲专区+欧美专区+自拍 | 国产第一第二区 | 国产一区二区永久免 | 成人福利免费在线观看 | 又大又粗又爽a级 | 国产精品亚洲一区二区三区在线观看 | 91免费伊人 | 无尺码精品产品网站 | 国产女人乱子人伦精品 | 不卡中文字幕 | 亚洲中文字幕国产一区专区 | 人人影视app下载 | 国产精品一区二区在线观看不卡 | 亚洲精彩一区二区三区 | 中文字幕一区二区三区精彩视频 | 2025年最新偷拍视频一区 | 中文欧美综合精品 | 91精品成人国产app下载 | 深夜寂寞网站 | 在线看超A超黄三级大片 | 日本精品一区二区三区视频 | 日本中文字幕在视频 | 日本一级a看片2025免费 | 91精品福利自产拍在线观看 | 人人电影网| 亚洲国产一区二区三区亚瑟 | 国产一区二区色婬影院 | 80s成人精品 | 韩国三级在线观看 | 国产精品揄 | 狠人网婷在线一区二区三区欧洲 | 91精品一区二区三区观看软件 | 欧美日韩国产va另类 | 揄揄撸一区| 亚洲日本欧美日韩髙清观看 | 欧美午夜理伦三级在线观看 | 老牛影视一区二区三区 | 精品一级国产一区二区三区7 | 亚洲电影一曲二曲三 | 日本三级在线 | 日B大全| 国产精品美乳福利在线观看 | 福利影院在线看 | 国产在线精品 | 亚洲欧美国产宗合 | 99热99re| 亚洲有码中文字幕 | 91制片厂果冻传媒首页 | 精品福利一区二区视频 | 免费日B视频 | 国产老熟女ass | 午夜电影一区二区 | 国产精品美女一区二区三区 | 91精品视频一二三 | 成人看片网站 | 亚洲性日韩 | 国产精品亚洲第三页 | 欧美一级特黄aaaaaa在线看片 | 精品精品国产高 | www.国产最新 | 成人午夜亚洲影视 | 综合一区中 | 毛婷视频在线观看一区二区 | 国产在视频精品线观看 | 成人国产综合 | 白丝爆浆18 | 三级日本高清完整版热播 | 91香蕉视| 91华人在线 | 免费视频国产在线观看网站 | 制服丝袜中文 | 精品二区中文字幕播放 | 亚洲视频重口味 | 国产在线拍偷自揄拍精品 | 成人看片| 国产精品亚洲综合色区韩国 | 日本v片免费一区二区三区 99精品视频在 | 91变态| 日韩欧美泡妞精品在线观看 | 午夜激情国产欧美一区 | 日本网站在线观看 | 日韩一二三区免费视频观看 | 国产va免费精品观看 | 亚洲欧美日韩在线 | 蜜桃激情一区二区三区App大全 | 国产人成视频在线免费观看 | 99九九视频高清在线 | 欧美日韩一区二区三区自拍 | 日日色色一区二 | 国产91尤物在线观看 | 欧美乱妇日本无乱码特黄大片 | 欧美亚韩一区二区三区 | 日韩精品福利片午夜免费 | 国产99视频精品专区 | 夜夜国产亚洲视频香蕉 | 国产精品亚洲片夜色在线 | 国产又粗又猛又爽又黄的视频全酒 | 白丝喷浆在线观看 | 欧美性爱色 | 中国三级2025在线观看 | 精品国产乱码久 | 日韩在线视频线视频免费 | 亚洲精品三区 | 国产又粗又猛又爽又黄的视频四川 | 欧美日本国产一区二区三区在线看 | 国产一区二区三区正品 | 亚洲精品日本高清中文字幕 | 一区二区三区日本视频 | 人兽一区二区 | 护士日本ⅹxxx丰满hd | 人人澡人人看 | 免费在线观看的网站 | 国内在线第一区 | 亚洲不卡免费视频 | 国产高清午夜视频网站 | 黑人巨大精品欧美一区二区 | 亚洲欧洲中文日韩a乱码 | 91精品国产综合成人 | 日本三级免费电影一区二区三区 | 91精品免费视频 | 999精品视频在线观看 | 欧美日韩国产码高清综合人成 | 国产精品人伦一区二区三区观看 | 强奷乱码中文 | 秋霞韩国理伦电影在线观看hd | 国产级别精品一区二区视频 | 蜜桃成熟时1997电影完整版在线播放 | 岛国大片一区二区三区 | 91高清视频在线观看 | 又大又粗又硬又黄的免费视频 | 免费电视剧在线观看 | 男女操网站| 精品亚洲永久免费精品 | 国产jk白丝喷浆精品二区 | 嗯啊国产在线 | 国产精品一二级 | 中文字幕国产亚洲 | 综合图区亚洲欧 | 涩涩阁| 国产精品公开免费视频 | 99精品国产高清一区二区三区香蕉 | 国产精品一二一区 | 91成版人在线观看入口 | 爽爽婬人综合网网站 | 国产精品欧美亚洲韩国日 | 对白超刺激精彩粗话视频 | 国产91精品在线 | 成人精品一区二区在线观看 | 97精产国品一二三产区区别流畅不卡顿 | 噜一噜福利明星在线观看 | 中文字幕在线观 | 中文在线资源库的崛起与影响 | 天天国产在线观看 | 夜夜国产亚洲视频香蕉 | 国产精品夜色一区二区三区 | 午夜看一级特黄a大片 | 91视频下 | 国产精品原创巨作在线影院 | 动漫精品一区二区三区四 | 午夜免费福利 | 91精品国产电影 | 日本熟女毛茸茸 | 免费在线观看91直播高清直播 | 尤物在线观看精品国产福利片 | 亚洲欧美国产制服一区 | www.香蕉 | 1区2区日韩欧美国产 | 亚洲又黑又大又粗在线观看 | 欧美片欧美日韩 | 国产精品天干天干综合网 | 欧美高清性色生活片免费观看 | 成人精品一区二区秒拍 | 亚州精品永久观看视频 | 中文字幕39页 | 亚洲欧美中文精品激情在线 | 欧美日韩午夜福利精品 | 91美脚恋足社区 | 蜜桃91精品秘 入口 91自拍视频网 | 欧美V亚洲V综合Ⅴ国产V | 不卡高清 | 亚洲有码专区 | 国产91足控脚交在线观看 | www.三级| 精品人成亚洲 | 亚洲aⅴ精品一区二区三911亚 | 激情综合网日韩 | 三区在线成人 | 日本高清壁纸免费下载 | 一区二区三区视频观看免费网站 | 国产精品欧美一区二区三区 | 一区二区激情戏 | 亚洲免费| 国产一区二区三区在线2025 | 97视频无打码在线观看 | 波多野结 | 精品视频午夜一区二区 | 精品视频在线播放 | 粗大的内捧猛烈进出爽女视频 | 91精品国产电影 | 欧美日韩中文字幕在线一区二区 | 精品成人大胸美女视频在线播放 | 在线视频三区 | 99热这里只有精品6 91网址在线播放 | 亚洲人成网站在线观看播放 | 日韩国产精品免费专区 | 91视频一区二区在线观看 | 亚洲最新精品电影 | 日本免费最新高清不卡视频 | 91色在线视频 | 激情文学另类图片 | 日韩最新网站 | 亚洲精品国产精品乱码不99 | 亚洲愉拍自 | 97精品 | 1024你懂 | 亚洲精品区m | 日韩一区二区免费电影 | 日韩精品一区二区在线播放蜜臀 | 亚洲韩国欧美一区二区三区 | 免费视频播放器 | 欧美在线精 | 国产主播一区二区三区在线观看 | 天堂中文最新版在线中文 | 亚洲区一区二区三 | 伊伊人成亚洲综合人网7777 | 99精品视频在线 | 白丝网站| 国产欧美日韩制服丝袜三区 | 欧美日韩一卡2卡3卡4卡国色天香 | 91厘米腰围是多少尺寸 | 国产一区二区三区免费高清在线 | 免费99精品国产自在在线 | 国产精品九九视频 | 午夜福利一区二区三区不卡 | 国产日韩综合第一页 | 日韩精品亚洲精 | 欧美日韩一区二区三区在线视频 | 777婷婷天堂综合区色吧 | 丝袜美腿中文字幕 | 亚洲欧美人成网站综合在线 | 91无人区乱码一二三四区别详解 | 免费性爱动态图 | 在线观看国产 | 午夜极品福利在 | 特级西西WWW444人体聚色 | 娇小2一8XXXx性开放 | 国产91中文在线播放 | 国产九九成人 | 日韩专区亚洲精品 | 天堂а√在线地址在线 | 国产丰满老熟女重口对白 | 欧美精品亚洲精品日韩专区 | 日本一区色片 | 国产精品成 | 91视频手机app官方下载 | 97超频在线看视频公开 | 久热91 | 国产又粗又黄又爽又硬一区二区 | 国产精品秘一区二区三区 | 亚洲国家| 国产精品自在在线观看 | 暗交老女一区二区三区 | 大喷水吹潮合集视频 | 91tv官网精| 日本日本乱码伦视频免费 | 午夜直播福利在线视频 | 国产在线愉拍视频 | 亚洲s片学生妹 | 欧美国产高清 | 91午夜福利影院as | 国产又黄又粗又爽 | 91视频网址入口 | 日本又黄又爽又色又 | 国产精品网站不卡在线观看 | 91网| 欧美一级www片免费观看 | 91精品视屏 | 10000部精品视频 | 亚洲三级中文字幕在线 | 涩涩视频网 | 亚洲zoz哦人兽 | 欧美日韩在线精品一区二区 | 青青操青青 | 日韩搞黄 | 韩剧在线视频播放 | 91中文精品| 制服丝袜中文字幕在线 | 日韩精品一区在线 | 成人艳情一二三区 | 国产午夜在线视频观看 | 亚洲日韩国语对白中文字幕 | 国产精品一、二、三 | 日本在线高清免费 | 岛国视频在线免费观看 | 91苹果 | 台湾午夜四级福利片 | 国产自产一区二区三区视频在线 | 国产精品夜色一区二区三区不卡 | 中文字幕国产视频欧美精品 | 亚洲v高清一区二区三区尤物 | 国产真实露脸多p视频 | 国产做爰又粗又大又猛的 | 日本真实乱伦视频 | 91干逼网| 国产一区二区三区水蜜桃 | 午夜宅男永久在线观看 | 欧美a级毛欧美1级a大片免费播放 | 91精品乱伦一区二区 | 亚洲无线国产观看 | 国产精品乱码一区二区视频 | 国产免费一区二区三区免费版 | 亚洲国产精品va在线看黑人 | 成人妖精视频 | 精品人伦一区二区三区牛牛视频 | 日韩日本伦奷在线播放 | 伊人影视在线观看日韩区 | 国产伦精品一区二区三区在 | 丁香婷婷| 国产精品自在在线观看 | 激情视频一区二区三 | 69精品人人人人人人人人人 | 欧美男女日皮视频 | 欧美黑人一区二 | 日韩色中色 | 91无限观看次数破解版安卓版 | 91自拍视| 亚洲国产精品福利片在线观看 | 日韩精品亚洲春色欧美激情 | 欧美曰本精品一呕二区三区 | 日本丰满妇人成熟免费中文字幕 | 亚洲日本精品国产第一区二区 | 最近中文字幕在线中文视频 | 中文字幕日韩精品中文区 | 国产综合在线观看 | 欧美3D成人动漫 | 视频一区二区高清在线观看 | 激情综合我 | 国产精品h在线观看 | 日韩娇小性hd| 91精品免费高清在线 | 91探花国产综 | 亚洲一区二区在线看 | 亚洲成aⅴ人片久 | 岛国视频在线观看 | 91视频.com| 成人国产精品一区二区八戒网 | 图片区小说区激情区偷拍区 | 97视频播放 | 亚洲 欧美 国产 精品 | 三级簧片国产视频 | 美女免费视频网站 | 99国产热视频 | 亚洲国产高清一区二区三区 | 亚洲国产欧美日韩一区 | 欧洲 亚洲 国产 日韩 另类 | 国产在线精品国自产拍影院 | 乱伦中文字幕免费观看 | 国产乱色精品成人免费视频 | 最新精品国偷自产在线 | 日韩在线免 | 欧美午夜激情影院 | 日本在线观看一区二区三区 | 国产视频手机在线观看 | 国产92午夜福利2o00 | 97视频在线观看视频 | 97精品一区二区视频在线观看 | 欧美日韩亚洲综合一区二区三区激情在线 | 国产伦子伦露脸 | 欧洲成人免费视频播放在线观看 | 工厂大乱婬交1一7 | 免费观看全黄做爰大片男男 | 99在线这精品视频 | 涩涩视频网站在线观看 | 国产福利精品在线观看 | 国产精品一区二区区别 | 国产剧高清免费看 | 东方影库亚州在线 | 亚洲视屏| 91精品在线免费公开视频 | 91夫妻自拍论坛 | 日韩淫网| 一区二区蜜桃 | 日韩性爱精品123 | 丝袜视频国产手机在线 | 2025国产精品视频免费 | 国产午夜 | 精品国产二区三区 | 亚洲视频专区h播放 | 乱伦字慕| 日韩一区在 | 69成人做爰免费视频 | 99视频手机版下载 | 91一本| 91精品免费国产高清在线 | 岳妇伦丰满69二区 | 福利社区午夜一区二区 | 国精产品一二二线网站 | 日本中文字幕在线播放第1页 | 国产精品视频观看裸模 | 免费瑟瑟网站 | 国产精品秘 入口雪千夏在线观看 | 国产精品一区2区 | 99精品国产高清一区二区 | 亚洲精品一 | 国产精品日韩精 | 丰欲纵横杨玉环免费看 | 91免费版看片| 欧美日韩高清观看 | 国产在线精品一区在线观看 | 人人色人人摸 | 91大西瓜国产线观看免费 | 亚洲精品国产第一区二区尤物 | 国产日韩a| 天天天按摩 | 亚洲午夜福利在线播放 | 欧美日韩蜜桃视频 | 一区二区三区免费视频 | 99国产这里有精品视 | 亚洲有码中文字幕 | 99热国产 | 精品福利一区3d动漫 | 在线免费观看欧美一区二区 | 日韩一级在线精品国产 | 99爱在线观看精品视频 | 亚洲aⅴ自偷自拍视频 | 国产日韩一区二区免费在线观看 | yw.139尤物在线精品视频 | 宝宝~腿往上抬我受不了了视频 | 在线人成视频播放午夜福利 | 变态sm天| 国产精品原创巨作在线影院 | 精品偷拍一区二区 | 无人视频在线观看视频高清视频 | 91精品欧美激情在线播放 | 中文字幕v亚 | 亚州成人一级二级三级在线电影 | 欧美日韩国产一区二区三区地区 | 国产熟女精品视频蜜臀 | 亚洲中文字幕在线精品2025 | 萌白酱在线喷水观看尤物视频 | 日韩精品欧美在线成人 | 欧美影院亚洲一区中文字幕 | 91香蕉亚洲| 蜜桃视频导航 | 精品国产 白哲 | 欧美日韩国产a | 又大又粗又爽a级 | 草莓香蕉丝瓜向日葵在线18 | 亚洲国产精品激情在线观看 | 日韩亚洲欧美一区二区三区在线 | 91高清视频在线 | 亚洲不卡 | 丰满岳乱妇在线观看视频 | 国语对白嫖老妇胖老太 | 久婷婷国产综合国色天香 | 亚洲小说欧 | 日韩欧美乱卡二区四区五区 | 免费影视大全 | 成人精品天堂一区二区三区 | 97超在线视频免费 | 最新免费高清完整版 | 最新精品在线 | 欧美日韩一区二区三区在线观看电影 | www.香蕉 | 99精品在线 | 日韩成人午夜影视基地免费观看 | 99精品 | 国产日韩欧美二区 | 亚洲国产日韩a在线播放 | 91短视频成人 | 日本中文字幕在线视频站 | 在线成人一区二区 | 猛男gay网站黑人视频在线观看 | 任你躁国语自产一区在喜剧片 | 亚洲成aⅴ人在线观看 | 国产精品欧美综合亚洲 | 亚洲综合精品网站在线观看 | 国产盗摄91精品一区二区 | 欧美肥妇毛多水多bbxx | 91精品全国免费观看含羞草 | 欧美综合视频在线 | 成人欧美一区二区三区在线视频 | 日本一区不卡在线观看 | 99在线精品 | 果冻传媒一区二区天美传媒 | 在线免费观看91 | 中文字幕亚洲一区二区va在线 | 欧美综合自拍亚洲综合图区 | 欧美日韩精品一区二区三区激情在线 | 欧美日韩在线精品一区二区三区激情综合 | 亚洲vV秘 码国产欧美成 | 欧美 日韩 亚洲 另类 | 日韩美女拍拍免费视频网站 | 91国内自拍| 91精品国产丝袜在线拍 | 欧美精品综合视频一区二区 | 91免费网站 | 911ss色永久网站 | 欧美真人抽搐一进一出gif | 中文字幕草逼免费 | 欧美日韩国产在线观看一区二区三区 | 精品三级在线 | 色吊丝永久在线观看最新 | 国产三集片在线视频 | 米奇奇米一区二区三区四区 | 一区二区三区国产免费 | 国产日韩Aⅴ片 | 亚洲欧美天堂 | 国产真实交换配乱吟91 | 国产精品国产自线拍免费 | 日本语女孩的阴户和热亚洲人女孩 | 99视频精 | 国产精品国内免费一区二区三区 | 97精品在线视频 | 亚洲国产综合精品一区 | 日韩美一区二区 | 又黄又硬又爽 | 91精品成人免| 97伦理电影全集在线观看 | 国产三区四区视频 | 国产精品阿朱一区二区视频 | 亚洲精品无播放器在线播放 | 日韩精品午夜视频 | 日本高清一区 | 国产91丝袜在线观看 | 国产精品点击进入 | 国产成a人 | 中文字幕亚洲精品乱 | 欧美日本国产在线a∨观看 亚洲一二区视频 | 91茄子app下载 | 成人看片黄a免费看那个网址 | www俺去也| 国产一区免费视频 | 欧美综合国产日本 | 91c仔国产手机 | 亚洲自偷自偷图片自拍 | 日韩国产一区二区三区在线观看 | 国产剧情片超清在线观看 | 国产激情视频在线观看专区 | 羞羞影院午夜男女爽爽 | 91国产在线视频 | 日本三级香港三级人妇99视 | 视频一区二区免费国产在线观看 | 污网站在线看 | 7799天天综合网精品 | 亚洲图熟女 | 国产va免费精品高清在线 | 揄揄撸一区 | 国产日韩视频在线观看 | 成人国产在线看不卡 | 国产综合一区二区三区 | 国产偷摄中国推油按摩富婆 | 亚洲成a人电影在线观看 | 激情五码五月天视频一区二区 | 91九色成人国 | 亚洲成a人电影在线观看 | 99在线精品国产不卡在线观看 | 成人一区二区在线观看 | 欧美日本国产在线a∨观看 亚洲一二区视频 | 亚欧aⅴ激情五月高清top电影完整版 | 91精品推荐 | 2025午夜激情| 一区二区三区日本精品 | 国产欧美日韩制服在线精选推荐 | 中文字幕理伦午夜福利片 | 精品日韩视频 | 成人做爰66片免费看网站 | 日韩性freexxxx在线观看 | 熟女制服丝袜另类中文字幕 | 日本高清色本在线www游戏详情介绍 | 亚洲国产精品ⅴ在线播放 | 91香蕉国产线观看免费全集 | 国产日韩欧美一区二区东京 | 尤物视频国产十八岁美女二区 | 亚洲日韩中文字幕天堂不卡 | 亚洲综合色区在线观看 | 日韩亚洲欧美日本精品va | 国产91片| 淫秽视频免费在线观看 | 亚洲欧美高清精品ⅴ | 韩国v欧美v亚洲ⅴ日本v | 日本a∨精品一区二区三区 91福利第一导航免费游戏下载v4.9.7 | 91看片淫黄大片.在线天堂 | 三级国产精品 | 97国产在线看片免费人成视频 | 精品人伦一区二区三区蜜桃 | 国产精品美乳福利在 | 日产韩版精品一线二线三线区 | 亚洲午夜一区二区三区在线观看 | 日本一区二区最新在线观看 | 成人一区二区在线 | 日韩一卡2卡三卡4卡无卡网站 | 成人做性视频免费观看在线观看 | 福利导航大全 | 亚洲精品sm一区二区 | 日韩中文字幕在线观看网站 | 在线视频精品一区 | 亚洲成在线观看 | 加勒比中文字 | 日韩精品专区一二三区 | 日韩和的一区二区区别是什么 | 亚洲a级情欲片在线观看 | 欧美一区二区在线视频 | 午夜刺激黄瓜西瓜葡萄 | 欧美大成色WWW永久网站婷 | 学生姝中文字幕一二三四五区 | 日韩电影二区 | 国产美女炮机视频 | 91精品一区二区三 | 亚洲人在线 | 91社观看 | 夜夜爽男女 | 不卡人人中文字幕jul975老公 | 成人3d动漫一区二区三区 | 日韩欧美亚洲每日更新在线 | 二区精品 | 91桃色在线免费观看 | 又大又粗又长 | 日韩综合视频另类第二页 | 日本96在线精品视频免费观看 | 欧美日韩国产va另类 | 欧美日韩一区二区三 | 亚洲成a人片在线观看播放 精品三级网站 | 国产一卡两卡 | 亚洲综合成人一二三 | 亚洲高清色 | 亚洲又黑又大又粗在线观看 | 精品欧美一区二区三区在线观看 | 中文字幕欧美第一页 | 97伦理免费不卡在线观看 | 日本在线播放高清免费国产 | 日韩高清在线观看永久 | 亚洲成片在线观 | 国产ts美妖涵涵在线观看 | 特黄a级 | 国产淫秽网站 | 国产真实交换配吟 | 国产日韩欧美亚洲综合 | 精品国产网红 | 亚洲日韩精品第 | 99爱在线观看精品视频 | 91漫画 | 亚洲欧美中文 | 国产精品搬运 | 日韩精品爽爽爽 | 美女自卫慰在线观看 | 成人精品一区二区三区综合 | 亚洲国产欧美日韩另类 | 午夜亚洲日本在线 | 日韩影院在线观看 | 国产日韩精品欧美一区色 | 欧美日韩亚洲二区在线 | 怡红院怡春院欧美精品 | 91sex| 精品国产 白哲 | 男人亚洲精 | 亚洲国产午夜理论片大全 | 欧美日本一区二区三区 | 亚洲āv | 性爱动态片 | 国产在线精品99一区不卡 | 精品日韩国产伦一区二区三区 | 日本精品一区二区三区视频 | 91视频手机app官方下载 | 日女人B免费视频 | 日韩福利短片在线观看 | 日韩精品欧美激情国产一区 | 2025精品手机国产品在线 | 国产又黄又粗又爽 | 亚州欧美影音先锋HD高清影院 | 岛国动作片在 | 日韩一区二区三区在线观 | 成人影片一区免费观看 | 一交一性一色一伦一区二 | 国产乱xxⅹxx国语对白 | 国产91 丝袜在线播放九色 | 欧美一级夜夜爽 | 亚洲人成电影在线播放 | 91香蕉国产线观看免费 | 午夜福利体验试看120秒pp | 色片免费视频 | 性一交一乱一伦一色一情孩交 | 国产丝袜高跟一区 | 国产91丝袜脚脚交在线影院 | 精品成人成人成人 | 亚洲免费网站在线观看 | 蜜桃视频一区二区三区在线观看 | 日韩精品一区二区三区影院 | 成人午夜福 | 在线视频免费观看一区 | 久青草热精品视频 | 国产乱子伦一区二区三区黑人 | 国产愉拍91九色国产愉拍热度飙升 | 91mv果冻传媒白晶晶诈骗报复 | 成人亚洲玉足脚交系列 | 国产日产高清欧美一区二区三区 | 国产精品极品美女自在线观看免费 | 亚州视频一区二区 | 欧洲国产在线精品三区 | 中文字幕人成乱码熟女 | 91香蕉精品成人 | 日产一二三四五六七乱码区 | 日韩午夜影院 | 青青草综合五月丁香网 |