內窺鏡憑借其能深入人體或設備內部進行觀察的特性，在醫療診斷、工業檢測等領域發揮著不可替代的作用。而光纖作為內窺鏡中傳輸圖像和光線的關鍵部件，其性能直接影響內窺鏡的使用效果。當內窺鏡出現故障時，維修過程中常常會涉及光纖修復問題。那么，究竟在什么情況下需要進行光纖修復？

　　Endoscopes play an irreplaceable role in medical diagnosis, industrial testing, and other fields due to their ability to observe deeply inside the human body or equipment. As a key component for transmitting images and light in endoscopes, the performance of optical fibers directly affects the effectiveness of endoscope use. When the endoscope malfunctions, fiber optic repair issues are often involved in the repair process. So, under what circumstances is fiber optic repair necessary 

　　一、內窺鏡中的光纖：核心功能與結構特性

　　1、 Fiber optics in endoscopes: core functions and structural characteristics

　　在內窺鏡系統中，光纖主要承擔兩大核心功能 —— 照明與圖像傳輸 。照明光纖負責將外部光源發出的光線傳導至觀察部位，為內部視野提供充足照明，使醫生或檢測人員能夠清晰地觀察到細微結構；圖像傳輸光纖則通過光的全反射原理，將內窺鏡鏡頭捕捉到的圖像以光信號的形式傳輸到外部顯示設備上，實現可視化觀察。

　　In endoscopic systems, optical fibers mainly perform two core functions - illumination and image transmission. The lighting fiber is responsible for transmitting the light emitted by external light sources to the observation site, providing sufficient illumination for the internal field of view, so that doctors or testing personnel can clearly observe subtle structures; The image transmission fiber uses the principle of total reflection of light to transmit the image captured by the endoscope lens in the form of an optical signal to an external display device, achieving visual observation. 

　　從結構上看，內窺鏡的光纖束由大量極細的玻璃或塑料光纖絲組成，這些光纖絲緊密排列，每一根都獨立傳輸光線或圖像信息的一部分。由于光纖絲直徑微小，且在使用過程中需要頻繁彎曲、伸縮，這使得光纖容易受到損傷，進而影響內窺鏡的正常工作。因此，在維修過程中，光纖修復成為保障內窺鏡性能的重要環節。

　　Structurally, the fiber optic bundle of an endoscope is composed of a large number of extremely thin glass or plastic fibers, which are tightly arranged and each independently transmits a portion of light or image information. Due to the small diameter of fiber optic cables and the need for frequent bending and stretching during use, the fibers are prone to damage, which in turn affects the normal operation of endoscopes. Therefore, in the maintenance process, fiber optic repair becomes an important link to ensure the performance of endoscopes. 

　　二、需要光纖修復的常見情況

　　2、 Common situations requiring fiber optic repair

　　（一）物理性損傷

　　（1） Physical damage

　　在使用過程中，內窺鏡可能會因受到外力碰撞、擠壓或過度彎曲而導致光纖損壞。例如，在醫療手術中，內窺鏡與其他器械的意外碰撞，或者在工業檢測時，將內窺鏡強行插入狹窄、復雜的空間，都可能使光纖束中的部分光纖絲斷裂。一旦光纖斷裂，光線或圖像信號的傳輸就會中斷，導致觀察畫面出現暗區、模糊甚至完全黑屏的現象 ，此時必須進行光纖修復才能恢復內窺鏡的正常功能。

　　During use, the endoscope may be damaged due to external collision, compression, or excessive bending of the optical fiber. For example, in medical surgery, accidental collisions between endoscopes and other instruments, or forcibly inserting endoscopes into narrow and complex spaces during industrial testing, may cause some optical fibers in the fiber bundle to break. Once the fiber optic cable breaks, the transmission of light or image signals will be interrupted, resulting in dark areas, blurring, or even complete black screens in the observed image. At this time, fiber optic repair is necessary to restore the normal function of the endoscope. 

　　（二）老化與磨損

　　（2） Aging and Wear

　　隨著使用時間的增加，光纖會逐漸老化，其光學性能下降。光纖的外層保護套也會因長期使用而磨損，導致內部光纖絲暴露在空氣中，受到氧化、污染等影響，進而降低光信號的傳輸效率。此外，頻繁的彎曲和伸縮會使光纖的機械性能變差，增加光纖斷裂的風險。當內窺鏡出現圖像質量下降、亮度減弱等問題，且排除其他部件故障后，很可能是光纖老化或磨損所致，需要對光纖進行檢查和修復。

　　As the usage time increases, the optical fiber will gradually age and its optical performance will decline. The outer protective cover of the optical fiber will also wear out due to long-term use, causing the internal fiber to be exposed to the air and affected by oxidation, pollution, etc., thereby reducing the transmission efficiency of optical signals. In addition, frequent bending and stretching can deteriorate the mechanical properties of optical fibers and increase the risk of fiber breakage. When the endoscope experiences issues such as decreased image quality and reduced brightness, and other component failures are ruled out, it is likely due to fiber aging or wear, requiring inspection and repair of the fiber. 

　　（三）污染與雜質侵入

　　（3） Pollution and impurity invasion

　　在醫療或工業環境中，內窺鏡的光纖容易受到污染。比如在醫療手術中，血液、組織液等可能會附著在光纖表面，阻擋光線的傳輸；在工業檢測時，粉塵、油污等雜質也會侵入光纖束內部，影響光信號的傳導。如果污染較為嚴重，僅通過常規清潔無法解決問題，就需要對光纖進行專業修復，去除污染物，恢復光纖的透光性能。

　　In medical or industrial environments, the optical fibers of endoscopes are prone to contamination. For example, in medical surgery, blood, tissue fluids, etc. may adhere to the surface of optical fibers, blocking the transmission of light; During industrial testing, impurities such as dust and oil can also invade the interior of fiber bundles, affecting the transmission of optical signals. If the pollution is severe and cannot be solved by conventional cleaning alone, professional repair of the fiber optic cable is needed to remove pollutants and restore its transparency. 

　　（四）連接部位故障

　　（4） Connection failure

　　內窺鏡的光纖與光源、圖像傳感器等部件通過連接器相連。這些連接部位在長期使用過程中，可能會出現松動、氧化或損壞等問題，導致光信號傳輸不穩定或中斷。例如，連接器的接口處氧化會增加光信號的損耗，造成圖像模糊；連接松動則可能使光纖接觸不良，出現畫面閃爍的現象。當此類問題發生時，除了檢查和修復連接器外，還可能需要對光纖的連接端進行重新處理和修復，以確保光信號能夠穩定傳輸。

　　The optical fibers of the endoscope are connected to components such as the light source and image sensor through connectors. These connection points may become loose, oxidized, or damaged during long-term use, leading to unstable or interrupted optical signal transmission. For example, oxidation at the interface of the connector will increase the loss of optical signals, causing image blurring; Loose connections may result in poor fiber optic contact and flickering of the image. When such problems occur, in addition to checking and repairing the connector, it may also be necessary to reprocess and repair the fiber optic connection end to ensure stable transmission of optical signals. 

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